Glossary:
Learn the terms.
Active Server Pages: A server based scripting language that is used to provide dynamic content and build database driven web sites where the browser may have no scripting at all.
ant: An open source Java-based Make tool.
API: A set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications.
Application Program Interface: API - A set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications.
ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange - A set of 128 alphanumeric and special control characters. ASCII files are also known as plain text files.
ASP: Active Server Pages - A server based scripting language that is used to provide dynamic content and build database driven web sites where the browser may have no scripting at all.
Active Hub: The central connecting device in a network that serves to regenerates signals.
Anonymous FTP: An anonymous FTP site allows Internet users to log in and download files from the computer without having a private user id and password. logging in you typically enter anonymous as the user id and your email address as the password.
Archie: A system to automatically gather, index and serve information on the Internet. Initially it was used to index the directory of filenames from all anonymous FTP archives on the Internet.
Audio Streaming: The method of delivering audio files from a server to a web browser in a continuous stream of small packets rather than one large file.
Authentication: When one computer wants to access another computer or network, an authentication process takes place. The process verifies that the computer making the request has been authorized to use the facility.
Authoritative Root-Server Syst: The constellation of DNS root-nameservers specified, from time to time, in the file , according to ICAAN.
AIM: The accronym for the instant messenger of AOL.
Alias: e-mail alias - A name used rather than the assigned name, used to allow additional email addresses, create easier to remember addresses and other uses to substitute one name for another.
ASDL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line - A way of using existing copper telephone wires to send and receive data at high speed. ADSL circuits are many times faster than conventional phone lines, but have to be set up to connect two specific locations, this is like a leased line. As the name suggests (Asymmetric) the connection is faster in one direction (download) than the other (upload).
Attachment: A file that is attached, and therefore send with an e-mail message. Recently attachments have been used to transmit viruses.
Autoresponder: A email response which is sent automatically when an email is received.
Baud: The number of signals (transitions) sent per second, usually by a modem although any type of signaling device can be used. Each transition is a change of state, so by defining different states and transitions between them higher data rates become possible. Baud rates should not be confused with bits per second, which is an absolute measure.
Bit: A single information unit which can have just two states, on/off, zero or one, and forming the basic building blocks of the binary numbering system used in computers. Eight bits are called a byte.
Bluebird: IBM's port of Warp to Java for use on network computers.
BPS: Bits Per Second - The number of bits of data sent per second over a transport medium.
Browser: A program run on a client computer for viewing World Wide Web pages. The most popular browsers used are MicroSoft Internet Explorer & Netscape Navigator.
Button: An icon or object that caused change when clicked.
Byte: Each byte consists of 8 bits and could be shown in binary bits as (for example) 10001000. In numerical terms a byte contains a decimal number in the range 0 to 255.
Binary: A numbering system consisting of zeros and ones. A simple count from zero to decimal 10, in binary would be 0, 1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110, 111, 1000, 1001, 1010.
Boolean: A branch of mathematics dealing with items which can only have two states - like on/off, yes/no. Most programming languages have Boolean variables which can represent these states and allow them to be manipulated with operators such as AND, OR, NOT. It can also be used to describe database searches which incorporate the idea of one condition AND another being met.
Boolean operator: On of the conjuctions used in a Boolean search; AND, OR, NOT). See Boolean.
CGI: Common Gateway Interface - CGI refers to programs that are used to produce on the fly content for browser delivery. Common CGI programming languages include Perl, C, and PHP.
CGI-BIN: One of the most common names for a directory on a web server that contains CGI files. These directories are often under heavier access controls than standard directories.
Clipboard: A temporary data holding area for storing info that is copied or moved from one application to another using the copy and paste and cut and paste menu options.
Cold Fusion: - A scripting language used on web pages to interface with Micorsoft Access, dBASE, FoxPro, and Paradox databases.
Cookie: The name for files stored on your hard drive by your Web browser that hold information about your browsing habits, like what sites you have visited, which newsgroups you have read, etc. Many view 'cookies' as an invasion of privacy. These can be disabled within your browser internet options.
cXML: A set of XML tags defining the characteristics of an online sales transaction.
Case sensitive: If text is required to be in lower case or upper case it is called case sensitive. If it does not matter if which case any of the letters are in it is said that it is not case sensitive.
Circuit board: A thin plate with chips, devices, and other electronic components installed on the plate.
Cloaking: A technique that users software to hide code from a user, and deliver a different custom content to a search engine spider.
Concurrent Versions System: CVS - A version control system for UNIX that maintains the changes between one source code version and another, then stores the changes in one file.
CVS: Concurrent Versions System - A version control system for UNIX that maintains the changes between one source code version and another, then stores the changes in one file.
Cable modem: A modem to connect via cable TV lines at high speeds of up to 2 Mbps.
cc: carbon copy - cc: -- If you carbon copy an email message to someone, you are sending them a copy of the email message.
Daemon: A program that runs constantly for the purpose of handling periodic service requests that a computer system expects to receive. The daemon program forwards the requests to other programs (or processes) as appropriate. Servers have a daemon that continually waits for requests to come in from Web clients and their users. Your email program might check for new mail every 10 minutes; it has a daemon that does this.
Directory Site: A directory is a web site that focuses on listing web sites by individual topics. A search engine lists web pages, where a Directory such as Looksmart or Dmoz, lists web sites.
Download: Transferring a copy of a file from a website or other server onto your local computer.
Dynamic Content: A page that is generated just as the user views it. The content delivered to the user is often updated on the spot out of a database or based upon the users browser. It used to be easy to spot one of these pages, but with most systems now allowing dynamic content from any page at any time, you just never know.
Dynamic Web Pages: Web pages which use the techniques and technologies of Dynamic Content. These pages are generated as required and so can contain variable information which if different depending on the user's input (i.e.database searches, member information).
Embedded SQL: Passthrough SQL - SQL statements that are written into high-level programming languages (ie. C or Pascal).
Extreme Programming: Software development following specific structures designed to simplify and speed the process of developing new software. Developed by Kent Beck, it utilizes 12 principles to ensure functionality.
E-zine: Webzine - An electronic magazine-like communication delivered by email. Newsletter by email.
ECL: Emitter-Coupled Logic - A type of bipolar transistor with extremely fast switching speeds.
ECM: Error Correcting Mode - A fax capability able to test for errors within a row of pixels, then it can request that transmission be redone.
Emitter-Coupled Logic: ECL - A type of bipolar transistor with extremely fast switching speeds.
Enhanced Small Device Interfac: ESDI - An early 1980's interface standard developed by a group of computer manufacturers for connecting disk drives to personal computers, no longer in use.
Error Correcting Mode: ECM - A fax capability able to test for errors within a row of pixels, then it can request that transmission be redone.
ESDI: An early 1980's interface standard developed by a group of computer manufacturers for connecting disk drives to personal computers, no longer in use.
Eurocard: 9U - A grouping of printed circuit boards using a 96-pin plug instead of edge connectors.
Expansion board: Expansion card - A printed circuit board that can be inserted into a computer add capabilities.
File extension: The letters grouped after the period or dot in a filename. Ie. .txt in a the common file readme.txt or .gif in image.gif
File Transfer: The copying of a file from one computer to another over a computer network.
File Transfer Protocol: FTP - A set of rules for exchanging files between computers via the Internet.
Frames: A way of dividing up a web page into independent areas. Useful to allow certain elements of the page to remain visible at all times, such as a navigation menu.
FTP: A set of rules for exchanging files between computers via the Internet.
FTP Site: A site that allows files to be transferred using the File Transfer Protocol.
Freeware: A program or software that the author makes available free to the public.
FrontPage: Microsoft FrontPage - A popular web site creation tool.
Gopher: A menu-based system for retrieving files from a server.
Giga: prefix for a billion
Gigabyte: Gb - One thousand megabytes. 1000 x 1Mb
Greeting card spam: The e-card/greeting card sites allow users can connect in, enter a personalized message into a "card" that is stored at the site, and a notification message is emailed to the intended recipient of the card. Allow it is a simple online version of a greeting, birthday, holiday, or other type of card it is becoming a common way for unwanted commercial advertising emails to be transmitted.
Hub: A central connecting device used in networks to join communication lines to form a star configuration.
HDML: Handheld device markup language.
Header: The portion of a packet, preceding the actual data, containing source and destination addresses, and error checking and other fields. A header is also the part of an electronic mail message that precedes the body of a message and contains, among other things, the message originator, date and time.
HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language - A collection of tags typically used in the development of Web pages.
Image Map: A way of using an image, complete or partial, on a web site as hypertext links.
Inteligent hub: A multi-functional central connecting device used in networks for the purpose of network management, routing, switching, etc
IM: instant messenger.
IMAP: An email standard sometimes used as an alternative to POP3.
JavaScript: A language embedded within HTML that is executed after a page of HTML is transferred to a users browser.
JDK: Java Development Kit - A software tool package to write, test, and debug Java applications and Java server applets (JSP) created by Sun Microsystems.
Listserv: An electronic mailing list typically used by a broad range of discussion groups. When you subscribe to a listserv, you will receive periodic email messages about the topic you have requested.
Login: a username and password security to sign into your account online.
logout/logoff: To unaccess a computer
Meta Search: A process of searching several databases simultaneously and combining the results.
Meta-refresh: A tag that is used to automatically reload or load a new page.
MIDI: Musical Instrument Digital Interface - A high quality audio file format.
Modem: Modulator/demodulator which converts digital data into a narrow range of analogue signals capable of being carried by a telephone connection.
Municipal Area Network: A network (generally highspeed) that links buildings and facilities within a municipality (town, city, hamlet, etc.). The network can link levels of government and sometimes can include public access to the network.
MCF: Meta Content Format - A way to represent the content of a web site, in a much more sophisticated manner than can be done using the existing, commonly-used meta tags. For example, those using a MCF-enabled browser can view a 3D 'fly-through' map of a site, assuming the proper coding is in place. MCF has provisions that are supposed to make it easier for search engines to index web sites. For example, it could provide a site summary on a single page. The summary could provide URLs and descriptions of every page within a web site, saving the search engines from having to crawl and store all the pages from the site for searching purposes.
Meta Tags: Author generated HTML commands that are placed in the head section of an HTML document. Current popular meta tags that can affect search engine rankings are Meta Keywords, and Meta Description.
Microsoft FrontPage: A popular web site creation tool.
MAPI: Messaging Application Programming Interface - A system built into Microsoft Windows to enables different e-mail applications to work together to distribute e-mail.
MAPS: Mail Abuse Prevention System - An organization and system set up to 'defend the Internet's e-mail system from abuse by spammers' through their RBL (see Realtime Blackhome List).
Messaging Application Programm: MAPI - A system built into Microsoft Windows to enables different e-mail applications to work together to distribute e-mail.
MIME: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension - A set of standards for encoding non-ASCII data files for attachment to emails.
Newsgroup: A particular section within the USENET system typically, though not always, dedicated to a particular subject of interest. Also known as discussion groups.
Newsreader: Software which allows you to access and use newsgroups.
Network Interface Card: NIC - An expansion card for inserting into a computer to enable network connection.
NIC: Network Interface Card - An expansion card for inserting into a computer to enable network connection.
Node: The processing location within a network. The processing location, node, can be a computer, printer, scanner, or other type of device within a network.
Operating System: Computer software which controls the basic hardware and provides operating ability to other programs. Examples are MacOS, UNIX, Linux & Windows. UNIX and Linux, are the most common operating systems for servers on the Internet.
OS: Operating System - Computer software which controls the basic hardware and provides operating ability to other programs. Examples are MacOS, UNIX, Linux & Windows. UNIX and Linux, are the most common operating systems for servers on the Internet.
Packet: The basic unit by that moves data/information from computer to computer when using the Internet.
Packet switching: The process of breaking information into small, discreet segments (packets) which are sent individually via the internet to a particular destination to combine again once reaching that location.
Passive hub: A central connecting device used in networks to join wires from several stations in a star configuration.
Protocol: An agreed-upon format for transmitting data between two devices. These guidelines determine the method of data compression, type of error monitoring, how the transmitting device indicates that the data sent has completed it's transmission, and how the device receiving the transmission will indicate a message receipt.
PXE: Pre-Boot Execution Environment
Passthrough SQL: Embedded SQL - SQL statements that are written into high-level programming languages (ie. C or Pascal).
Plug-ins: Software which adds functionality to an existing piece of software.
Program: A program or application runs on a computer. Programs perform tasks such as site creation, word processing, accounting, spreadsheets, database work, etc.
QuickTime: A sound and video compression and playback application used on the Internet.
Query: To search or ask, in particular to request information in a search engine, index directory, or database.
Robot: A program that automatically does 'some action' without user intervention. In the context of search engines, it usually refers to a program that mimics a browser to download web pages automatically
Real time: Immediate. Operating systems require that information be displayed as soon as information is entered, this is real time delivery. The actual time that it takes for an image to be displayed, in animated graphics is referred to as real time if it is the same amount of time it would take to transpire in real life.
Server Side Includes: Commands that can be included in web pages that are processed by the web server when a user requests a file. Often used to insert common content into several different web pages, or to include the results of a CGI program on a web page.
Shareware: Software with limited functionality which is provided by the author so that it can be used for a limited time in hopes you will buy it. In some cases, unlimited free use.
Shockwave: A plug-in for animations and sounds to be played online in a compressed format so that they can be played back, even during receipt. Developed by Macromedia.
SQL: Structured Query Language - A specialized programming language used in database development. Most industrial-strength and many smaller database applications can be developed using SQL.
SSI: Commands that can be included in web pages that are processed by the web server when a user requests a file. Often used to insert common content into several different web pages, or to include the results of a CGI program on a web page.
Structured Query Language: SQL - A specialized programming language used in database development. Most database applications (large or small) can be developed using SQL.
SCSI: Small Computer System Interface - A parallel interface standard used by Apple Macintosh computers, PCs, and many UNIX systems for attaching peripheral devices to computers.
SERP: Search Engine Results Page - The page that is generated in response to a search query when using a search engine.
Shell account: An account that allows access to a UNIX based host server.
Small Computer System Interfac: A parallel interface standard used by Apple Macintosh computers, PCs, and many UNIX systems for attaching peripheral devices to computers.
Smart hub: inteligent hub - A multi-functional central connecting device used in networks for the purpose of network management, routing, switching, etc.
SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol
Spider: A spider is a type of robot. See Robot.
Spidering: While a spider is downloading pages, it is called Spidering. Most modern spiders used by search engines are only responsible for downloading the pages and storing them raw in a temporary database.
Streaming: The method of delivering audio files from a server to a web browser in a continuous stream of small packets rather than one large file.
Telnet: A protocol for logging onto remote computers from anywhere on the Internet.
UNIX: A powerful operating system used on the backbone machines of the Internet. Servers frequently run on UNIX.
Upload: Copying or sending files or data from one computer to another. A Web developer, for example, could upload a document to a Web server. Referred to as 'publishing' when uploading a website to the server.
Uuencoding - Unix to Unix Enco: The method for converting binary files to ASCII files to enable users to have the ability to send graphic images by e-mail.
VPN: Virtual Private Network - A network to connect nodes using public wiring.
WAN: Wide Area Network - A network, usually constructed with serial lines, which covers a large geographic area.
wav: audio file.
WfM: Wired for Management - A specification that allows the automation of client to PC management via a network. Developed by Intel, WfM technology is now utilized in hardware and software applications.
Zip File: A file extension used to save PC files stored in a compressed format which can be expanded from their compressed state using applications like PKZIP and WINZIP.
Zone file: The group of files residing on the domain host or nameserver. The zone file indicates the domain, its subdomains and the mail server.
10BaseT: The baseband Ethernet specification using two pairs of twisted-pair cables (one for receiving, one for transmitting data) at 10 Megabites/second.
Windows Socket: Winsock - An API, Application Programming Interface, for developing Windows programs that can communicate with other computers through TCP/IP protocol.
Windows XP: An operating system (OS) by Microsoft introduced in 2001. It is said to be the most important release of Microsoft since Windows 95. It is build on the Windows 2000 kernel. The prior version is known as Windows ME (Millenium).
Winsock: Windows Socket - An API, Application Programming Interface, for developing Windows programs that can communicate with other computers through TCP/IP protocol.
WML: Wireless markup language.
XML: Extensible markup language.
9U: Eurocard - A grouping of printed circuit boards using a 96-pin plug instead of edge connectors.
Chat Slang:
A/S/L: Age/Sex/Location
A/S/L/R: Age/Sex/Location/Race
AFK: Away From Keyboard
BBL: be back later.
BFN: bye for now.
BRB: be right back.
BTW: by the way.
CYA: see ya
FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions
FFA: Free For All Sites - Pages that allow anyone to submit a link to them, free of cost and without having to link back to the page.
FWIW: for what it is worth
IAE: in any event
IMHO: in my humble opinion
IMO: in my opinion
IOW: in other words
JMS: just making sure
LMHO: laughing my head off
LOL: laughing out loud
NBD: no big deal
nm: nevermind
NOYB: none of your business
OIC: oh, I see
OTL: out to lunch
OTOH: on the other hand
PMFJI: pardon me for jumping in
POTS: plain old telephone system
RFP: request for proposal
RFQ: request for quote
ROFL: rolling on the floor laughing
rotfl: Roll on the Floor Laughing
rotflmao: Rolling On The Floor Laughing My Ass Off
RS: real soon
TIA: thanks in advance
ttyl: Talk to you later
VFM: Value For Money, meaning a good deal for the money paid.
Web slang: The casual language of the internet.
Wetware: The human brain in hacker slang.
WTGP?: Want to go private?
WYSIWYG: what you see is what you get
Misc:
Data Encryption Key: DEK - Used for the encryption of message text and for the computation of message integrity checks (signatures)
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DEK: Used for the encryption of message text and for the computation of message integrity checks (signatures).
Digital Signature: A code which is used to guarantee that a email was sent by a particular sender.
Firewall: A way that prevents unauthorised from interfering with a computer or network.
IP spoofing: The practice of connecting to a website and reporting an IP address that is different than the one that you are really using for your connection. The use of this method is not ethical and may break some computer and technology laws.
Secure Socket Layer: A method of encrypting data as it is transferred between a browser and Internet server. Important for online payments.
Security Certificate: A large amount of information used in the SSL protocol to establish a secure connection. A secutity certificate contains information about who it owns the certificate, who issued the certificate, a unique serial number or other unique identification, dates of validity, and an encrypted "fingerprint" that can be used to verify the information held within the certificate.
Signature: A personal tag automatically appended to an email message. May be short, such as the author's name, or quite long, such as a favorite quote.
404 error: The error indication given by web servers when the particular page which was requested cannot be found. The page can be customized.
Dead Link: An html link that has no longer works. The destination page no longer exists.
Bookmark: A pointer to a particular Web site. Within browsers, you can bookmark interesting pages so you can return to them easily by clicking on Favorites, then click on Add.
Buddy List: A feature that helps users keep track of and communicate with friends online. Users can create a list of screen names within Buddy Lists and are then notified when a member comes online. Once a member is online or on the Buddy List as available, you may send them an Instant Messages. ICQ, Yahoo Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger, and others have this feature.
Cracker: Someone who enthusiastically learns the inner workings of a computer system, often used in a negative connotation for a person who learns and enters a computer for which they are not authorized.
Cut: See cut and paste.
Cut and paste: The simple act of moving text or an image from one document to another.
Cybersquatter: One who registers the domain names of celebrities or trademarks of famous companies deliberately in order to sell it to the rightful owner or other prospect for a high profit.
Digerati: Literati in the digital form. A reference to those who seems to be in vogue and knowledgeable when in comes to the digital revolution.
Doorway Page: A page designed as an entrance to a website. Many doorway pages a specifically created to rank high on a particular search engine. Sometimes referred to as a Gateway Page.
Flame: A concerted personal derogatory attack on one person usually in a discussion group or forum.
Free For All Sites: Pages that allow anyone to submit a link to them, free of cost and without having to link back to the page.
Hacker: Someone who enthusiastically learns the inner workings of a computer system, often used in a negative connotation for a person who learns and enters a computer for which they are not authorized.
Hidden Text: Placing same colour characters on the same colour background causes them to be hidden. This technique was popular for a while, but search engines quickly caught on and began banning sites for it.
Lurk: Someone who observes a chat room, newsgroup, usenet, or forum without contributing. Often done to see if the group is worth joining.
Lurking: The act of observing or viewing a chat room, newsgroup, usenet and forums without contributing. Often a person will lurk to see if the group is worth joining.
Navigation: The journey of going from page to page within a website, or one website to another.
Netiquette: The informal rules of Internet courtesy, enforced exclusively by other Internet users.
Netizen: A person who follows good Netiquette.
Newbie: An Internet newcomer, a term used by old hands as a derogatory term toward people who do not use netiquette.
OEM: Original Equipment Manufacturer - A manufacturer that sells equipment to a reseller for relabeling or repackaging. Although, it commonly refers to the reseller.
Paste: See cut and paste.
Stinkpad: A term referring to the IBM ThinkPad.
Tables: Information arranged in a pattern of rows and columns.
Warez: The term for a piece of pirated software/music/movies copied or downloaded from the Internet.
Web Browser: A program that interprets HTML and displays web pages on your computer, allowing you to navigate or surf the Internet. The most popular web browser's are Microsoft Internet Explorer & Netscape Navigator.
Webmaster: The person responsible for administering a Web
site.
WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization - An international forum accredited by ICANN to resolve global domain name trademark conflicts.
Zip: A type of file compression used most often on the net. The file extension for these files is .ZIP
Hard drive
Computers main storage media device, also called a hard disk drive or HDD. A hard drive consists of one or more hard disk inside of air sealed casing. Most hard drives are permanently stored in a drive bay at the front of the computer and are connected with one IDE / SCSI cable and power cable..
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CD-R
Originally known as a WORM (Write Once Read Many) drive or disc. CD-R discs are discs are capable of having information written to the disc once and then read many times after that.
Hacker: A user of a computer who attempts to understand the particulars of a computer.
A hacker will look for ways around things while using a computer.
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Mirror Site: A mirror site is useually set up due to overwhelming traffic on an existing website. A mirror site is a site that is kept seperate from the origanal site but contains the same information as that site . This is an alternative to users who attempt to go to a web site but cannot due to traffic problems.
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